Nicolaus Copernicus

Jessica Sandoval
12/27/04

Nicolaus Copernicus

Nicolaus Copernicus was a Polish scientist, who developed a Sun-centered theory of the solar system.   He is known as the founder of modern astronomy.   He had many different jobs. He was a doctor, lawyer, author, judge and tax collector, astronomer, mathematician, and economist.   He was also a governor, an administrator, an astrologer, and a church canon.   A canon is a Christian priest who is specifically attached to a cathedral and has responsibility for some part of its running.
Nicolaus Copernicus was born on February 19 1473 in Torun, Poland.   His father, Nicolaus Koppernigk, had lived in Krakow.   Copernicus’s father moved to Torun in 1460.   In Torun, he set up a business trading copper.   He was also interested in local politics and became a city leader in Torun and a judge.   About 1463, Nicolaus Koppernigk married Barbara Watzenrode, who came from a wealthy family from Torun.   They had a house on St Anne's Street in Torun.   They also had a summer residence out of town with vineyards.   Nicolaus and Barbara Koppernigk had four children, two sons and two daughters.   Nicolaus was the youngest.   The original form of his name was Mikolaj Kopernik or Nicolaus Koppernigk.   Nicolaus later changed his name to the Latin version, Nicolaus Copernicus.  
Copernicus was ten when his father died.   There is not a lot of information about his mother, Barbara Watzenrode.   They think she died before her husband.   Lucas Watzenrode, Barbara’s brother, was a bishop in the Catholic Church.   He was also a church canon and later the governor of Warmia.   Lucas raised Nicolaus, his brother, and two sisters after Copernicus' father died.   Nicolaus’s brother Andrew became a canon in Frombork.   His sister Barbara became a nun.   His other sister Katharina married a businessman and city councillor named Barthel Gertner.
Nicolaus was well educated. He first studied mathematics and astronomy at Krakow from 1492 to 1494.   Then in 1496 he...