Operation in Afghanistan

Joint Publication 3-16

Joint Doctrine for Multinational Operations

5 April 2000

Throughout our nation’s history, our Armed Forces have
participated in alliances and coalitions in support of freedom in all parts of the world. From the birth of this great nation and our own struggle for freedom to the epic battles of two world wars in the twentieth century and the ensuing Cold War, the strength of our partnership has always exceeded the sum of its parts. Our liberty, and the liberty of so many people in other democracies, is owed to the selfless dedication of our comrades who had the vision to set common goals and the will and capability to fight together to achieve greatness. “Joint Doctrine for Multinational Operations” will help to guide you through the challenging and sometimes complex nature of operating as a part of a multinational force. It takes us beyond the hardware of force interoperability and types of operations to the software of command relationships, considerations for the planning and execution of multinational operations, and divergent cultures working together toward a common end. While we will always prepare to operate unilaterally if necessary, we must also be prepared to operate in multinational alliances and coalitions when practical. This doctrine will assist you in the latter endeavor.

HENRY H. SHELTON Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff

PREFACE
1. Scope
This publication provides guidance and principles for the Armed Forces of the United States when they operate as part of a multinational force. This publication describes multinational operations that the United States may participate in as a part of an alliance, coalition, or other ad hoc arrangement. It describes joint organizational structures essential to coordinate land, maritime, air, space, and special operations in a multinational environment. It addresses operational considerations that the commander and staff should contemplate during the planning and execution...