Education and, Health and Fertility

Education and, health and fertility.

Uganda and Sub-Saharan Africa are unlikely to reach the United Nations Millennium Development Goals that were set as benchmarks for reducing extreme poverty by 2015. If in fact health and fertility to educational attainment are inversely related, reducing fertility rates in Sub-Saharan African countries could assist this region in reaching the second Millennium Development Goal, which seeks to achieve universal primary education by ensuring that children everywhere, boys and girls alike, will have the ability to complete primary school
Uganda in the past two decades has achieved a progress in social and economic aspects, with economic growth (Gross Domestic Product, GDP) averaging about 6% since 1992. The Government of Uganda (GoU) has made great strides in its attempt to meet the targets set out in the previous two rounds of the Poverty Eradication Action Plan (PEAP, 1997-2002 and 2002-2007) and the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by year 2015, including reducing poverty levels and increasing access to social services.

The GoU launched the implementation of a new National Development Plan (NDP 2010-2015). Through the NDP and the PEAP, the Government underscores the important linkages between better health outcomes, poverty reduction, and economic growth. Progress has been most notable in the achievement of universal primary education enrolment, gender parity in primary education, and the fight against HIV/AIDS (UNDP, 2007; Republic of Uganda, 2004). However, huge challenges remain in ensuring gender parity in secondary education, reducing infant and child mortality and improving maternal health. Malaria also remains the number one challenge to health promotion resulting in morbidity and mortality in the country.

There is a well known large and persistent association between education and health. This relationship has been observed in many countries and time periods, and in a wide variety of health measures. The...