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El Yunque Rainforest
• • • • • • Rains year round Lush foliage Waterfalls and rivers Smaller, rarely seen animal species Unique plant life No primates

Location
• Location: Caribbean National Forest in Puerto Rico • Longitude/Latitude: 18° 19’N, 65°47’W

Biotic Components
• Reptiles: coqui frogs, geckos and anoles • Insects: ants, spiders and centipedes • Mammals: bats, rats and mongooses • Birds: red tailed hawk and puerto rican parrot • Plants: orchids, ferns and bromelaids • Trees: sierran palms and pumpwood trees

Abiotic components
• Average temperature: highs of 63.5°in the mountains and 78°to 82° at lower elevations • Climate: Tropical (year round) • Average rainfall is 200 inches a year • Rains more during spring than fall • Humidity is always high

Human Impact
It is illegal to remove trees from within the legal borders of El Yunque, the species that thrive there branch out from these borders, into a territory where deforestation occurs. As the population grows humans are cutting down more trees and forest land is being used for residential development. Also tourism within the forest contributes to land degradation and has a detrimental effect on many organisms’ habitats with the results from litter.

Human Effect
• With the removal of the vegetation, fewer animals are able to survive because they need the plants for food or shelter. • The destruction of the rainforest means almost total loss of the biotic factors. • If civilization continues to move closer to the rainforest, pollutants and litter from the people will end up in the rainforest and could ruin many natural resources for the inhabitants of the forest.

Guidelines
• Expand protected areas • Elevate the living standard for people living near the protected areas • Promote ecotourism