Level 2 Applied Science
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- Category: Science
- Date Submitted: 02/04/2016 11:18 AM
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Chemical reactivity and bonding
P2
There are two kinds of atomic bonds covalent and ionic. They are different because of their structure and properties , covalent bonds consist of the sharing of electrons by two atoms , if two atoms differ considerably in their electro negativity one of the atoms will lose its electron to the other atom, the outcome is that it is in a positively charged ion and negatively charged ion
Comparison chart
Covalent bonds Ionic bonds
Polarity : low High
Melting point : low High
Boiling point : low High
Occurs between : two non metals One non metal and one metal
State at room temperature: liquid or gaseous Solid
Example of a covalent bond: hydrogen (H2) Sodium chloride
Dot and cross diagram of simple ionic and covalent substances :
H20 water C02 Methane
Chlorine hydrogen
Sodium chloride Magnesium Oxide
Simple molecular substance
Properties of a simple molecular , giant molecular and giant ionic
One simple molecular
Co2 has a low melting point because the intermolecular forces of attraction are weak. Co2 is soluble in water because when it dissolves in water it interacts with surrounding H2O molecules to hydrate itself, the electronegative oxygen atoms of CO2 forms strong H-bond with H atoms of water molecules, This interaction is very strong to dissolve more and more CO2 molecules, the covalent bonds holding the molecules together are strong. Each molecule is attracted to its neighbours by only weak intermolecular forces which require little energy to overcome and hence have a low melting point. at room temperature they are usually a gas or a liquid. This is because the intermolecular forces are easily broken by a little amount of heat....
P2
There are two kinds of atomic bonds covalent and ionic. They are different because of their structure and properties , covalent bonds consist of the sharing of electrons by two atoms , if two atoms differ considerably in their electro negativity one of the atoms will lose its electron to the other atom, the outcome is that it is in a positively charged ion and negatively charged ion
Comparison chart
Covalent bonds Ionic bonds
Polarity : low High
Melting point : low High
Boiling point : low High
Occurs between : two non metals One non metal and one metal
State at room temperature: liquid or gaseous Solid
Example of a covalent bond: hydrogen (H2) Sodium chloride
Dot and cross diagram of simple ionic and covalent substances :
H20 water C02 Methane
Chlorine hydrogen
Sodium chloride Magnesium Oxide
Simple molecular substance
Properties of a simple molecular , giant molecular and giant ionic
One simple molecular
Co2 has a low melting point because the intermolecular forces of attraction are weak. Co2 is soluble in water because when it dissolves in water it interacts with surrounding H2O molecules to hydrate itself, the electronegative oxygen atoms of CO2 forms strong H-bond with H atoms of water molecules, This interaction is very strong to dissolve more and more CO2 molecules, the covalent bonds holding the molecules together are strong. Each molecule is attracted to its neighbours by only weak intermolecular forces which require little energy to overcome and hence have a low melting point. at room temperature they are usually a gas or a liquid. This is because the intermolecular forces are easily broken by a little amount of heat....