Finance

I. INTRODUCTION

  1.1. NYSE ( New York Stock Exchange)
The history of NYSE was traced back on May 17, 1792, when twenty-four New York City stockbrokers and merchants signed the Buttonwood Agreement outside the 68 Wall Street under a Buttonwood tree that would establish the rules for buying and selling bonds and shares of companies. This twenty-four New York City stockbrokers which also known as the pioneers of Wall Street drafted their first constitution on March 8th, 1817, and named their organization the New York Stock Exchange Board. Following this event, in 1863, this name was shortened to its modern form, the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), which is the world’s largest securities exchange. NYSE provides a marketplace for buying and selling 8,000 corporate stocks and other securities and has become a workplace for nearly 3,000 employees. It lists 82% of the S&P 500, 90% of the Dow Jones Industrial Average, and 70 of the world's largest corporations.
As a private organization, the NYSE became a public entity in 2005 as it made the decision to merge with already publicly-traded Archipelago electronic stock exchange, the new company was called the NYSE Group, Inc. In 2007, the NYSE merged with Euronext and called as NYSE Euronext that has the capacity to trade up to 10 billion shares per day and operates global financial markets across commodities, FX, equities, bonds, interest rates. This move combined the NYSE with the five major European exchanges such as Paris Bourse, Amsterdam, London (Liffe), Brussels and Lisbon. In 2008, the NYSE acquired the American Stock Exchange (AMEX) and changed its focus on small cap companies. On June 3, 2013, the NYSE shareholders approved its $8.2 billion purchase by Intercontinental Exchange (ICE), the proposal was initiated in December 2012 for $8.2 billion and would give ICE, the energy and commodity futures exchange, control of the biggest equities markets exchange.
  1.2. Jakarta Stock Exchange
Jakarta Stock...