Industrial Chemistry

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Natural resource: & (

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Steps to answering this question: 1. Name a limited natural resource (guano) 2. Discuss issues associated with the increased need for the resource 3. Identify replacement materials and/or current research into replacements 4. Use appropriate structure for discussion (opening argument, discussion of issues and concluding remarks)

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Recall: 2 % /

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Factors which affect the equilibrium in a reversible reaction: % , % 1 • 7 • 7 • 7 1 % $ % ( $
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aA + bB ↔ cC + dD

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[C ]c [ D ]d =K [ A]a [ B]b
Interpretation of the equilibrium constant: 1 1 9 1 7 / 1 1 , : ,
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Process of sulfur extraction: . + , + % 5 7 1 . AA BC

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Property of sulfur which allow its extraction: + . • $ > %" • • + + $

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Environmental issues: 7 8 , D .
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H 2 SO4

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1 5 5

Steps to producing sulfuric acid: %
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S ( s) + O2 ( g ) ↔ SO2 ( g ) + ∆H
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SO2
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SO3
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V2O5 "

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V2O 2 SO2 ( s ) + O2 ( g ) ← 5 → 2 SO3 ( g ) + 197 kJ 

Conditions necessary: + $ $ % 9 .
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H 2 S 2O7 "

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SO3 ( g ) + H 2 SO4 (l ) → H 2 S 2O7 (l )
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H 2 S 2O7 (l ) + H 2O (l ) → 2 H 2 SO4 (l )
SO2 SO3

Conditions necessary for producing SO2 :

S ( s ) + O2 ( g ) → SO2 ( g ) + ∆H
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SO2

SO3

Conditions necessary for producing SO3 :
V2O 2 SO2 ( s ) + O2 ( g ) ← 5 → 2 SO3 ( g ) + 197 kJ 

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