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Modern essay
The Bolsheviks were able to consolidate their power in Russia in the years after the Revolution because they were better organised and better led than their opponents. In addition, they had a compelling ideology, and offered more to Russia’s peasants and workers than their opponents could at the time. More than anything, though, they were completely ruthless, willing to do whatever was necessary in order to win.

The civil war within Russia was the make or break of the Bolshevik’s rule. If they lost they would lose everything they had gained and if they won it would secure their position in power. It was a fight for their survival. The Bolshevik's were fighting both external and internal threats. The “White” Army were those who wished to see the Bolsheviks out of power. It was led by former officers of the Russian army and was supported by peasants, landowners, social revolutionaries and businessmen. They controlled a majority of Russian soil and had support from foreign countries.
Although the Whites had more men, and stronger forces, they were simply different armies with no common purpose of unity except for the destruction of the Bolsheviks. They did not share equipment and no communication. The Whites were also unable to effectively use propaganda to support there battle. The Reds were simply fighting many different armies instead of one massive army.
The Reds were fighting foreign enemies who wanted a white government. These included Britain, France, Japan, America, Czech Region and the Polish. These threats were because they wanted   Russia to re-enter the war, and also because Lenin refused to pay any of the Tsar’s debt. As the Whites were supported by the foreign countries, Lenin referred to them as “puppets of the foreign enemies”
The Red army had the advantage of holding central locations (Moscow, Petrograd) which meant they had control of war equipment, ammunition, supplies and the railways. The army was comprised of conscripted...