Ect- an Introduction to Nursing Students
- Submitted by: nrameshbalaji
- Views: 931
- Category: Science
- Date Submitted: 10/21/2010 02:43 AM
- Pages: 2
- Report this Essay
ECT An Introduction to Nursing Students
□ ECT remains an important, effective & safe treatment for a variety of Neuropsychiatry disorders.
History:
❖ 1500 – Paracelsus induced seizures by camphor (By mouth to treat psychiatric illness)
❖ 1934 – Meduna used injections of camphor to induce seizure in treating catatonic symptoms.
❖ 1938 – Cerletti and Bini used electrical shock to induce seizure for the treatment of psychosis.
Direct ECT:
Electrical shock given to a conscious patient.
Modified ECT:
ECT with Anesthesia and muscle relaxant.
Mechanism of Action :
Specific mechanism is unknown.
1. Neurophysiology: Metabolism of glucose & oxygen and permeability of BBB increases.
2. Neurochemical: Changes in neurotransmitters like Nor epinephrine, serotonin, Dopamine, GABA, opioids etc.
3. Neuroplasticity: In animals synaptic plasticity is observed.
Frequency of ECT’s :
✓ Generally – 3 times a week on nonconsecutive days.
✓ Daily: Used in most urgent situations like SUICIDE, Severe mania.
✓ Once a week: For continuation ECT
Number of Sessions
✓ Should be individualized as requirement
✓ Average 6 – 12 sessions
Indications :
o Major:- SUICIDE patient
o Major Depressive disorder.
o Mania – severe & Rapid cyclers
o schizophrenia.
o Others:- OCD – catatonia – Delirium Narcoleptic malignant syndrome
▪ Intractable seizures.
o Contraindication: Raised intracranial pressure.
Pretreatment evaluation:
Psychiatric Assessment:
• Establish the indication for ECT
• Explore post treatment with ECT
• Behavioral Assessment
• Cognitive evaluation for orientation, memory.
Consent :
❖ Written informed consent must be obtained.
❖ Discuss the benefits & risks.
❖ Consent may be withdrawn during the course of ECT.
❖ If patient cannot give consent, then family members consent can be taken.
ECT Procedure :
Pre – ECT...
□ ECT remains an important, effective & safe treatment for a variety of Neuropsychiatry disorders.
History:
❖ 1500 – Paracelsus induced seizures by camphor (By mouth to treat psychiatric illness)
❖ 1934 – Meduna used injections of camphor to induce seizure in treating catatonic symptoms.
❖ 1938 – Cerletti and Bini used electrical shock to induce seizure for the treatment of psychosis.
Direct ECT:
Electrical shock given to a conscious patient.
Modified ECT:
ECT with Anesthesia and muscle relaxant.
Mechanism of Action :
Specific mechanism is unknown.
1. Neurophysiology: Metabolism of glucose & oxygen and permeability of BBB increases.
2. Neurochemical: Changes in neurotransmitters like Nor epinephrine, serotonin, Dopamine, GABA, opioids etc.
3. Neuroplasticity: In animals synaptic plasticity is observed.
Frequency of ECT’s :
✓ Generally – 3 times a week on nonconsecutive days.
✓ Daily: Used in most urgent situations like SUICIDE, Severe mania.
✓ Once a week: For continuation ECT
Number of Sessions
✓ Should be individualized as requirement
✓ Average 6 – 12 sessions
Indications :
o Major:- SUICIDE patient
o Major Depressive disorder.
o Mania – severe & Rapid cyclers
o schizophrenia.
o Others:- OCD – catatonia – Delirium Narcoleptic malignant syndrome
▪ Intractable seizures.
o Contraindication: Raised intracranial pressure.
Pretreatment evaluation:
Psychiatric Assessment:
• Establish the indication for ECT
• Explore post treatment with ECT
• Behavioral Assessment
• Cognitive evaluation for orientation, memory.
Consent :
❖ Written informed consent must be obtained.
❖ Discuss the benefits & risks.
❖ Consent may be withdrawn during the course of ECT.
❖ If patient cannot give consent, then family members consent can be taken.
ECT Procedure :
Pre – ECT...