Counselling Skills Cbt and Ta

Psychologists have explored and developed many different theories and philosophies for human behaviour and therapeutic models of therapy. In the following chapter I have focused on two of the traditional therapies used by psychologists and counsellors, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and the Transactional analysis approach. I will explore the development of the therapies, the pioneers, and touch upon the key features of both models. Finally I will compare and contrast the two approaches to Person Centred therapy.
2.1 Explain the key features of two other therapeutic models
The term behaviourism was first introduced by John B Watson (1913) (1878-1958) who is known as the founder of behaviourism in the USA. This approach has led to many effective applications, teaching methods and therapies for treating mental disorders. The basic principle of the behavioural approach ‘classical conditioning’ was first described by Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936). In 1920 a study done by Watson and Rayner showed how humans can acquire emotional responses through conditioning. B.F. Skinner (1904-1990) was influenced by Freud’s work; however he rejected the notion of hidden aspects of the psyche and developed his own theory called ‘behaviourism’. The first intentionally therapeutic approach to CBT to be developed was Rational Emovite Therapy, originated by Albert Ellis (1950). He developed his approach in reaction to his dislike of the in directive nature of Psychoanalysis. The modern psychotherapist most influential to the development of RET was Alfred Adler, Ellis was also influenced by behaviourists such as John Dollard, Neal Miller, Joseph Wolpe and George Kelly. Ellis developed the ABC model of emotions which he later modified to the ABCDE approach, in the 1990’s he renamed this REBT. In the 1960’s Aaron Beck developed his approach called Cognitive therapy, this therapy became known for its effective treatment of depression and emotional problems.
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy recognizes...