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In 2154, the RDA corporation is mining Pandora, a lush, Earth-like moon of the planet Polyphemus.[17] Parker Selfridge (Giovanni Ribisi) is the head of the mining operation, and it employs a small army of former marines for security. The corporation aims to exploit Pandora's reserves of a valuable mineral called unobtanium, which is worth $20 million per kilogram back on Earth.

Pandora is inhabited by the Na’vi, a neolithic species of sapient humanoids with feline characteristics.[18] Physically stronger and taller than humans, the Na'vi have sparkling blue skin and live in harmony with Nature, worshiping a mother goddess called Eywa.

Humans cannot breathe Pandora’s atmosphere for long without passing out and dying. In order to move about Pandora, human scientists have created human-Na’vi hybrids called avatars, which are controlled by genetically matched human operators. Jake Sully (Sam Worthington), a paraplegic former marine, is recruited and sent to Pandora as a last-minute replacement for his identical twin brother, who was a scientist trained to be an avatar operator but killed in a random mugging before he could go. Dr. Grace Augustine (Sigourney Weaver), the head of the Avatar Program, considers Sully an inadequate replacement for his brother, and initially relegates him to only a bodyguard role.

While Jake escorts Augustine and biologist Norm Spellman (Joel David Moore) on an exploratory mission in their avatar forms, the group is attacked by a large predator, and Jake becomes separated and lost. Attempting to survive the night in Pandora’s dangerous jungles, he is rescued by Neytiri (Zoe Saldaña), a female Na'vi. Neytiri brings Jake back to Hometree, which is inhabited by Neytiri’s clan, the Omaticaya. After encountering initial hostility from the clan, Mo'at (C. C. H. Pounder), the Na'vi shaman and Neytiri's mother, shows interest in this first meeting with a warrior "Dream-walker" (the term they call the Avatars), and she instructs her daughter...